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      • Show Off Your Chicken Contest Official Entry Form >
        • Prize Winner Show Off Your Chicken Contest- Feb. 2019: CHOE >
          • First Winner of Our Show Off Your Chicken Contest: CHOE >
            • Lulu in the Laundry Basket-Winner 2011 Contest
          • Winner Oct. 3, 2018 Show Off Your Chicken Contest
        • RESCUED CHICKENS: CHOE >
          • Abandoned Chickens-Don't Do It-Do This Instead
          • Cecily the Chicken Gets a Prosthetic Leg: CHOE
          • Combie Sweet Rooster Boy >
            • Combie Loves Watermelon
            • Combie The Lone Rooster
            • Combie Smart Rooster In The Rain
            • Combie Roosters Birthday
            • Combie Roosters Sudden Problem Walking
            • Combie Rooster Gets A Walker
            • Tribute to Combie the Sweet Rooster Boy
          • Fox 4 Chickens Story >
            • Fox 4's Legacy Sister!
          • Goldie the Hen Survived Cat Attack
          • Lady Frizzle Saved After Skunk Attack: Rescues: CHOE >
            • Mr. Snowie & Lady Frizzle's First Baby Chick- A Chicken Love Affair-CHOE
          • Meet Mr. Parker-Rescued Chickens at Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Rocky the Rooster-Rescued Chickens: CHOE
          • Lady Silkie-Rescued Silkie Hen >
            • Lady Silkie's First Day-Rescued Hen Recovery: CHOE
            • Lady Silkie's 1st Week-Hen Recovering: CHOE
          • Lil' Man Abused Bantam Rooster Rescued
          • Penelope the Chicken: A Chicken Rescued from Kaporos
          • Rescued Ducks at Chicken Heaven On Earth
      • Rev. Penny Dean's Websites
  • CHICKEN CARE
    • Basic Chicken Care for Backyard Chickens >
      • House Pet Chicken Tips >
        • Pet Chickens: Too Cute >
          • Chickens That Like to Cuddle >
            • The Cuddling Rooster
            • My Chicken Loves to Cuddle!
            • Chickens Who LIke Hugs
            • Pet Chicken Snuggles with Owner
          • Dangers House Pet Chickens Face
          • What Pampered Chickens Have >
            • Pet Chickens On Boats
            • Chicken Diapers for the Pampered Pet Chicken >
              • How Chickens React to Wearing Chicken Diapers
              • How to Make Chicken Diapers >
                • How to Make a Chicken Diaper Out of a Sock
            • Chicken Pedicures
            • How to Train Your Chicken: CHOE >
              • Training Hens to Use Nestboxes
              • Training Chickens To Do Tricks >
                • Teaching Chickens to Use Swings
      • Helpful Tips Backyard Chickens >
        • Best Ways to Keep Chickens Cool >
          • How to Make A Dry Ice Air Conditioner for Your Chicken Coop
        • How to Make Money On A Chicken Farm:: CHOE >
          • How to Sell Your Chickens Eggs: CHOE >
            • How Much You Should Charge For Your Chicken's Eggs: CHOE
            • Proper Egg Processing-Inline: CHOE >
              • Proper Handling of Eggs Safely: CHOE
              • How to Grade Eggs: CHOE
              • Safe Handling & Label Requirements for Egg Cartons
              • Chicken Egg Sizing: CHOE
        • Urban Chicken Facts >
          • Catch a Chicken Safely
          • Sustainability & Chickens >
            • How to Compost Chicken Feces >
              • Questions & Answers about Composting Chicken Manure >
                • Can I Use Chicken Feces in My Compost?
              • What NOT To Put In Your Compost
              • Health Problems in Chickens Associated With Compost
              • Fertilizer, Chickens & Your Garden
              • How to Grow Fodder for Your Chickens: CHOE
            • Free Heat For Chicken Coops
            • Using Chickens for Insect Control
            • Raising Chickens and Sustainability: How they Connect >
              • Keeping Chickens Healthy Using Herbs >
                • Plants To Keep Mosquitoes Away From Chickens
                • How to Use Apple Cider Vinegar For Chicken Health
                • Fennel Seeds For Chickens
                • Why Chickens Need Garlic
                • Herbs To Make Coop Smell Great
                • How to Sprout Wheat Seeds For Chickens
                • How to Build a Greenhouse With Cattle Panels
        • Poultry Product Reviews: CHOE >
          • Battery Operated Hen House Door Product Review & Purchase: CHOE
          • How to Get Your Product Reviewed by Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Chicken Art's and Crafts >
            • How to Make Egg Carton Chickens
            • How to Make A Hen Saddle
            • How to Make No Mess Chicken Feeder
          • Cameras for Chicken Coops
          • Chicken Health Care Supplies >
            • VetRx Poultry Aid for Chicken Health
            • Chicken Signs Best Buys
            • Pet Cages For Chickens Tips
            • Poultry Leg Bands
            • About Nest Boxes >
              • Roll Out Nest Boxes
              • How to Tell If Your Hen Is Happy With Her Next Box
              • Make a Chicken Nest Box From A Plastic Dish Pan
              • How to Make a Nest box out of a Tidy Cat Box
            • Poultry Netting Tips >
              • How to Set Up Premier Electric Poultry Netting
            • All About Watering Chickens >
              • Chicken Water Deicer
              • Poultry Nipples
            • Solar Power For Chicken Coops >
              • Solar Nite Eye's Predator Protector System
            • Chicken Strollers-Best Buys: Chicken Heaven On Earth
      • Chicken Coop Information: CHOE >
        • Things Needed in Chicken Coops: CHOE >
          • All About Bedding For Coops >
            • Deep Litter Method Bedding for Chickens
            • Hemp Bedding for Chicken Coops
            • Pine bedding can be dangerous to baby chicks
            • Using Sawdust for Coop Bedding
          • Heater's for Hen Houses Pro's & Con's >
            • Best Deals On Chicken Coop Heaters >
              • Flat Panel Heaters For Chicken Coops
            • Free Ways to Heat Your Chicken Coop
            • Heat Lamps-How to Tell How Much It's Costing You
            • Heated Poultry (Chicken) Waterers : CHOE
            • Things to Consider Before Purchasing a Coop Heater
          • Chicken Coop Cleaning Tips >
            • Homemade Chicken Coop Cleaners
            • Routine Coop Maintenance Guide
          • Automatic Chicken Coop Doors >
            • How to Install the Cheeper Keeper Chicken House Door
            • Chickens Open And Close Their Own Coop Door >
              • DIY Automatic Chicken Coop Door
          • Insulating Your Hen House Ideas: CHOE >
            • Using Old Feed Bags for Chicken Coop Insulation: CHOE
            • Insulating Hen House/Chicken Coop with Greenhouse Panels: CHOE
          • Ventilating Chicken Coops
        • Chicken Coop Tours: CHOE >
          • Motorized Solar Chicken Coop Tour: CHOE
          • The Chick Inn Coop Tour: CHOE
          • Rise & Shine Chicken Coop Tour: CHOE
          • Chicken Coop & Run Tour by Terry Hatfield
        • Why You Need a Chicken Coop
        • Free Chicken Coop Building Plans >
          • Modern Chicken Coop Building Plans FREE
          • Chicken Tractors >
            • How to Build a Chicken Tractor
      • What to Feed Chickens Facts >
        • Minimum Protein Needs For Chickens
        • Chicken Scratch Tips
        • Chick Starter Feed For Baby Chicks >
          • Baby Chick Feeders
          • NEVER Feed Chickens Raw Dough-Here is Why
        • Laying Feed:For Hens
        • What Organic Chickens Eat
        • Treats for Chickens >
          • Things That Can Poison Your Chickens >
            • Aflatoxin Poisoning Causes & Treatment For Chickens
          • Flock Blocks for Chickens
          • Mealworms for Chickens
        • How to Tell if Your Chicken Has a Vitamin Deficiency >
          • Symptoms of Vitamin A Deficiency in Chickens: CHOE
          • Symptoms of Vitamin B1 Deficiency in Chickens
      • Predator Protection For Chickens >
        • Ten Ways to Protect Chickens
        • Most Likely Chicken Predators >
          • Traps for Chicken Predators
          • Bobcats How to Protect Your Chickens
          • Cats The Unsuspected Chicken Predator
          • How to Protect Chickens From Coyotes
          • Dogs Least Suspected Chicken Killer
          • Protecting Chickens From Foxes
          • Guinea's-Chicken Protector
          • Protecting Chickens From Hawks >
            • Cheap Ways to Protect Chickens From Hawks: CHOE
          • How to Keep Raccoons Away From Chickens
          • Rodent Control For Chicken Coops That Work
          • Skunks-How to Keep Them Away From Your Chicken Coop: Chicken Predators: Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Protecting Chickens From Snakes >
            • How to Tell if a Snake is Killing Your Chickens & Stealing Eggs
            • Using Poultry Netting to Keep Snakes Away from Your Chickens:CHOE
          • Protecting Chickens From Owls
          • Keeping Chickens Safe From Weasels
          • How to Stop Possum's from Killing Your Chickens: CHOE
        • Solar Fencing to Protect Chickens
      • How to Water Your Chickens >
        • Poultry Drinking Water Cups-Ways to Use Them >
          • What To Do If A Poultry Drinker Cup Leaks
      • Chicken Spa Days >
        • How to Bathe A Chicken >
          • Bathing a Silkie Chicken
        • Trimming Chickens Vent Area
        • How to Trim Chickens Toenails
        • How to Trim Toenails, Beak & Spurs-Chicken Spa Days:CHOE
        • How to Groom A Bantam Chicken
        • How to Groom Your Chicken for Show
    • Chicken Breed Facts >
      • Classes of Chicken Breeds: CHOE >
        • American Class Chicken Breeds: CHOE >
          • Dominique Chicken Breed Facts
          • Barred Plymouth Rock Breed Facts >
            • Buff Plymouth Rock Breed Facts
        • Asiatic Class Chicken Breeds >
          • Brahma Chickens-Gentle Giant
        • Continental Class Chicken Breeds: >
          • Barnevelder Chicken Breed Facts >
            • APA Standards for Barnevelder
          • Cuckoo Maran Breed Facts
          • Polish Chicken Breed Facts
        • English Class Chicken Breeds >
          • Australorp_Chicken Breed Facts: CHOE
        • Mediterranean Class Chicken Breeds >
          • Andalusian Breed Facts
          • Anacona Chicken Breed Facts
      • Ornamental Chicken Breeds >
        • Sultan Bantam Chicken Breed Facts
      • Breeding Chickens Facts >
        • Breeding Chickens for Show Facts: CHOE
        • Best Chicken Breeds for Egg Production: CHOE
      • Chicken Breeds That Start With The Letter "A": >
        • Ameraucana/Araucana Chicken Breed Facts >
          • Araucana (Rumpless) Chicken Breed Facts
        • Appenzeller Spitzhauben; Chicken Breeds: Chicken Heaven On Earth
      • Chicken Breeds That Start With Letter "B" >
        • Bantam Chicken Breed Facts >
          • Barnvelder Bantam Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Cochin Pekin Bantam Breed Facts >
            • Barred Cochin's Bantam:: Breed Information-Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Black Cochin Bantams: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Buff Cochin Bantams: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Partridge Cochin Bantam: Breeds
            • White Cochin Bantam Breed Facts
          • Bearded Self Blue Silkie Bantams
          • Buff Brahma Bantam Breed Facts
          • Ginger Red Modern Game Bantam Breed Facts
          • Japanese Bantams Breed Facts
          • Sablepoot Bantam Breed Facts
          • Mottled Bantam Breed Facts
          • Phoenix Chicken Breed Facts
          • Rhode Island Red Bantam Breed Facts
          • Sebright Bantam Breed Facts
          • Serama Bantam Chicken Breed Facts
          • Silkie Bantam Breed Facts >
            • Silkie Breeding Information & Chart: CHOE >
              • How to Breed to Get Blue Chickens: CHOE
              • White Silkie Bantam Chicken Information: CHOE
            • Silkie Mother Hen W/ Cute Baby Chicks: Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • White Leghorn Bantam
        • Black Sumatra Breed Facts
        • Delaware Blue Hen-Chicken Breed Information
        • Buff Catalanas Breed Facts
        • Buff Orpington Breed Facts
        • Sicilian Buttercup Breed Facts
      • C: Chicken Breeds Whose Name Starts with C >
        • Cream Legbar Breed Facts >
          • Colors of Legbar Chickens
      • D: Chicken Breeds whose name starts with D: CHOE >
        • Dutch Bantam-Chicken Breed Facts
      • Egyptian Fayoumis Chicken Breed Facts
      • Heritage Breed Chicken Facts >
        • How to Preserve Endangered Heritage Breed Poultry
      • Lakenvelder Breed Facts
      • Light Sussex Breed Facts
      • Prairie Chicken Breed Facts >
        • Lesser Prairie Chicken Going Extinct Updates
      • Rhode Island Red Chicken Breed Facts
      • S: Chicken Breeds >
        • Sultan (Serai Taook) Chicken Breed Facts
      • Turken Naked Neck Chicken Breed Facts
      • Exotic & Rare Breeds of Chickens >
        • Ayam Cemani-Black Chicken: Exotic & Rare Breeds of Chickens
        • Featherless Naked Chicken Breed Facts
      • Chicken Comb Types: Chicken Heaven On Earth
    • Behavior: Things Chickens Do >
      • Reasons Chickens Disappear
      • Why Chickens Dust Bathe
      • Introducing New Chickens >
        • Introducing Bantams to Standard Size Breeds
        • Introducing Rooster to Hens
      • CHICKEN INTELLIGENCE >
        • Studies of Chicken Intelligence >
          • Chickens Differentiate Between Colors & Shapes >
            • Smart Chicken Chooses Yellow
            • Einstinia the Hen Can Tell the Difference Between Animal Shapes >
              • Chicken Finds The Zebra
          • Chickens Can Anticipate the Future
          • Chickens Can Count! >
            • Hen Counts Dots On Dice
          • Chickens Can Talk-What?
        • Chickens can do Tricks >
          • Smart Chicken Of The Week: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
            • The Flockstars-All Chicken Band Play the Keyboard-Smart Chickens Award: CHOE
            • Chicken Plays Tic Tac Toe-Smart Chicken Of The Week: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Combie The Rooster Has a Unique Way of Asking For Grapes-Smart Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Dancing Chickens-Smart Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Patriotic Chicken Plays Piano Award
            • See How this Chicken Learned How to Stop: Smart Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Amazing Chicken Tricks-Smart Chicken of the Week-9: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Meet Frog The Rooster-Smart Chicken Of The Week-10: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • Kids With Smart Chickens >
              • Little girl reads to her potty trained chicken
              • Chicken Tricks and Silliness-Cute Kids with Smart Chickens: CHOE
              • Potty trained Hen-Chicks Can Do Tricks: Chicken Heaven On Earth
              • Pablo the Chicken Does Amazing Card Trick-Smart Chicken Intelligence: Chicken Heaven On Earth
            • 36 Lb Australorp Rooster Blown Away by The Wind at CHOE
        • Chickens Can Learn Names
        • Chicken Taught to Do Different Patterns on Cue:-Smart Chickens
        • Chicken Trained On An Obstacle Course: CHOE
        • Do Chickens Have Cognitive Abilities:Test Results:Chicken Intelligence >
          • Expert Studies Prove that Chickens Have Cognitive Abilities & Intelligence
        • Hen's Do Form Friendships with Other Hens Study Results
        • Why Chickens Make Great Companion Pets: CHOE
      • Sounds Chickens Make >
        • Sounds Hens Make When An Intruder Enters The Nest
        • Why Roosters Crow
        • Baby Red Says Her My Pet Chicken Diaper is "Good Good":
        • Chickens That Purr
      • Studies Done on Chickens >
        • How Long Chickens Live
        • Chickens & Antibiotics
    • How to Hatch & Raise Baby Chicks >
      • How to Take Care of Baby Chicks Basics >
        • What to Feed Your Baby Chicks
        • Basic Things Baby Chicks Need >
          • Supplies You Need to Take Care of Baby Chicks: CHOE >
            • Advantages of Using A Heat Plate for Baby Chicks >
              • See Baby Chicks Enjoying Their Premier 10" x 10" Heat Plate
          • How to Hatch Chicken Eggs in an Incubator >
            • How to Select the Best Eggs to Hatch: CHOE
            • Best Ways to Store Chicken Eggs for Hatching
            • Brooder Temperatures for Chicks >
              • Recommended Brooding Temperatures For Commercial Poultry
              • Baby Chick Embryo-Stages of Development
            • Definition of Terms Used for Incubating, Hatching Baby Chicks
            • How to Sex Chickens >
              • Vent Sexing & Wing Sexing Day Old Chicks
              • How to Sex Chickens at 2 to 3 Months ofAge
              • How to Sex Chickens Inside the Egg:
              • See Baby Chicks Hatching
          • Tips for Purchasing Baby Chicks >
            • Dangers of Coloring Baby Chicks
    • All About EGGS >
      • Why You Should Never Store Fresh Eggs On Your Counter Top: CHOE
      • Best Backyard Egg Laying Hens: CHOE >
        • How to Tell If Your Hen Is Broody: CHOE >
          • Sometimes You Can't Fool A Broody Hen W/A Fake Egg
      • Hatching Baby Chickens Index >
        • Best Times of Year to Hatch Chicken Eggs
        • How to Candle an Egg
        • Brooders & Incubators >
          • Incubator's for Hatching Baby Chicks Best Deals
          • How to Prevent Hatching Mushy Chicks
          • How to Keep Baby Chicks Warm Without Electricity
      • All About Egg Cartons >
        • Why You Need Egg Cartons >
          • Understanding Egg Carton Labels
        • Decorative Egg Baskets & Ideas: CHOE
      • Causes of Abnormal Chicken Eggs >
        • Cloudy, Lilac, Pink Colored Egg Shell Causes
        • Pale Colored Eggs Causes and Treatments
        • What to Do if Your Hen is Laying Soft Shelled Eggs
        • How to Identify Salmonella in Eggs
        • Egg Drop Syndrome 76 Facts
      • Egg Gourds >
        • Uses for Egg Gathering Baskets: CHOE
      • Hatching Eggs in An Incubator: Questions & Answers >
        • Commercial Incubators for Egg Hatching-CHOE >
          • How Large Commercial Hatcheries Hatch Baby Chicks >
            • Tour of Murray McMurray Hatchery
    • Chicken Health Care Tips >
      • How to Buy Healthy Chickens: CHOE >
        • The Chicken Trading Post: CHOE
        • How to Tell If Your Chicken Is Healthy: CHOE >
          • How to Visually Inspect Your Chickens For Illness: CHOE
        • Things to Watch Out for When Purchasing Chickens
        • Chicken Anatomy Simplified >
          • Chicken Skeleton Facts Simplified >
            • Keel Bone in Chickens >
              • Keel Bone Injuries & Treatments: CHOE
          • Hen Reproductive Tract Facts >
            • Hen Egg Tract Disorders: CHOE >
              • How to Tell if Your Hen is Egg Bound >
                • How Pet Chicken Owner Helped Her Egg Bound Hen: CHOE
                • Cloaca Infection-Vent Gleet- Pasty Butt Symptoms & Treatments
                • Egg Bound Hen Egg Removal
            • Baby Chick Development Inside Egg
          • How Chickens See Colors
        • Importance of Maintaining Coop Temperature
      • Biosecurity Guide for Chicken Health: CHOE
      • Chicken Health Records For Your Flock >
        • Free Egg Hatching Record Chart
      • Poultry Drinking Water Guidelines
      • Ascites Syndrome Water Belly in Chickens >
        • Crotalaria Plant Causes Health Problems in Chickens
      • Bumblefoot in Chickens: Signs/Symptoms/Treatments II
      • Preventing Heat Stress In Chickens >
        • Acidosis-Heat Stress in Chickens-Symptoms & Treatments: CHOE
        • How to Tell If Your Chickens Are Too Hot:
        • Industrial Strength Fans increase egg production: CHOE
      • Crop Canker Treatments For Chickens
      • Cecal Coccidiosis-Symptoms and Treatments
      • Fowl Pox: Symptoms & Treatments >
        • Forms of Fowl Pox Chickens Can Get
        • Preparing and Injecting Fowl Pox Vaccine for Chickens
        • Avian Pox: Symptoms and Treatments
      • Frostbite Treatments For Chickens >
        • How to Help Chickens With Frostbite
        • Treatments For Foot pad Dermatitis in Chickens
      • Fungal Mycotic Disease in Chickens Symptoms & Treatments:CHOE
      • Parasites that Attack Chickens & How to Get Rid of Them >
        • How to Tell If Your Chickens Have Mites or LIce
        • What to Do if Your Coop & Hen House is Infested with Parasites
        • Food Grade Diatomaceous Earth Stops Mites, Fleas & Lice from infesting your Chickens: CHOE
        • Ivermectin Parasite Control For Chickens: CHOE
        • Permethrin: Mite and Lice Treatment for Chickens >
          • Permethrin is Highly Toxic to Kittens and Cats Blog-Parasites
        • How to Get Rid of Red Mites on Chickens: CHOE
        • Three plants & a Poultry Tractor to Prevent Chicken Parasites
        • Types of Worms that Infest Chickens & How to Stop Them: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
          • 7 Ways to Prevent Parasites from Attacking Your Chickens
          • Ascarids (Large Intestinal Roundworms): Worms in Chickens Symptoms & Treatments
          • About Cecal Worms and Chickens
          • Eye Worms in Chickens Prevention, Symptoms, & Treatments
          • Gapeworms in Chickens-Prevention & Treatments: CHOE >
            • Gizzard Worms in Chickens Symptoms & Treatments
          • Hair Worms Symptoms & Treatments
        • SALMONELLA PREVENTION & CHICKENS: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
          • Baby Chicks & Eggs-Proper Handling Can Prevent Salmonella
          • How UV Light Can Help Chickens >
            • How Using Ultra Violet Light In Your Hen House/Chicken Coop Can Prevent Salmonella: Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Preventing Salmonella While Raising Chickens >
            • Hand Washing After Handling Chickens
            • How to Pasteurize Eggs At Home to Prevent Salmonella
          • Proper handling of eggs can prevent food poisoning
      • DIY FIrst Aid Kit For Chickens
      • How to Euthanize a Chicken Without Removing Their Head or Breaking Their Neck: Chicken Heaven On Earth
      • What To Do When Your Chickens Spit
      • Disease Testing Labratories
      • Paracolon Infection: in Chickens
      • Probiotics and Chickens Facts
      • Leg Problems in Chickens Symptoms & Treatments >
        • Broken Chicken Leg: How to Fix it
        • Scaly Leg Mites in Chickens-Signs, Symptoms & Treatments: Chicken Heaven On Earth
        • Splayed Legs-Signs & Treatments: Hobbling Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth
        • Slipped Tendon in Baby Chick's Leg-What You Can Do to Help: Chicken Heaven On Earth
      • Lymphoid Leukosis (Tumors) in Chickens
      • Candidiasis/Thrush/Crop Mycosis/Sour Crop in Poultry Symptoms & Treatments: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
        • Moniliasis (Thrush) In Chickens-Symptoms & Treatments
      • Necrotic Enteritis in Chickens-Signs & Treatments: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
        • Oregano Treatment for Necrotic Enteritis in Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth
      • Medicine for Chickens: CHOE >
        • FDA Approved List of Medications For Sick Chickens >
          • Amprolium Treatment for Coccidiosis in Chickens (Poultry): CHOE
          • Deccox® and LINCOMIX® FDA Approved Drug For Broiler Chickens-2018
        • Medicines Used In Medicated Chicken (Poultry) Feed: CHOE
        • Use Virkon S Disinfectant to Prevent Bacterial Infections & Viruses in Chickens, Poultry, & Livestock
      • Respiratory Diseases in Chickens: >
        • Airsacculitis in Chickens-Symptoms & Treatments >
          • Mycoplasma gallisepticum -Chronic Respiratory Disease-Infectious Sinusitis in Chickens Symptoms & Treatments >
            • Denagard-Treatment for Mycroplasma Galliisepticum Dosage: CHOE
        • Aspergillus Fumigatus in Chickens Symptoms & Treatments
        • Avian Influenza-Symptoms & Treatments
        • Infectious Coryza Symptoms & Treatments
        • CRD-Chronic Respiratory Disease in Chickens Signs & Treatments: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
          • Aureomycin for Chicken Health
        • Newcastle Disease Symptoms & Treatments >
          • Fresh Charcoal Ash & Slaked Lime Used to Treat Avian Influenza & Newcastle Disease: CHOE >
            • Using Charcoal Ash to Prevent Disease in Chickens: CHOE
            • Quick Lime Reduces Bacteria Load in Poultry Litterr: CHOE
      • Surgeries On Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
        • How to Caponize/Neuter a Roosters: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
          • Caponizing Roosters-Questions & Answers: CHOE
          • How to Use Stitches to Close the Incision/Wound After Caponizing/Neutering a Rooster: Chicken Heaven On Earth
      • Vaccine's for Chickens: CHOE >
        • Kinds of Chicken Vaccine's: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
          • Coccivac Vaccines for Coccidiosis Management in Poultry: Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Fowl Pox Vaccines for Chickens Chicken Heaven On Earth >
            • Fowl Pox Vaccine-How & When to Administer: Chicken Heaven On Earth >
              • What is a Fowl Pox-Vaccination: Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Marek's Disease in Chickens Symptoms & Treatments
          • Newcastle Disease Avinew Vaccine: Chicken Heaven On Earth
          • Salmonella Vaccines for Chickens: Chicken Heaven On Earth
        • How to Vaccinate Your Flock of Chickens: CHOE >
          • Why You Should Vaccinate Your Chickens CHOE
          • Vaccination Schedule for Pullet-Laying Hens
          • Ways to Vaccinate Chickens >
            • How to Administer a Wing Web Vaccination to Chickens
      • Wry Neck in Chickens-Causes, Symptoms & Treatments
    • Pain Relievers for Chickens
    • ROOSTERS: Everything You Didn't Know About Them >
      • Rooster's As Pets: Information, Questions & Answers
      • Rooster's Warn People of Prowler's
      • Roosters-The Forgotten Bird
      • Reasons to adopt a Rooster >
        • The Homeless Rooster
        • Reason's to have a Rooster
      • How to Introduce a Rooster to a Flock That Has One
      • Rooster Mating Rituals: CHOE >
        • How Rooster's Flirt with Hens: CHOE
      • What to Do If Your Rooster Turns Mean: CHOE
      • How to Keep Rooster's Quiet
      • Dubbing Roosters-What do you think about this procedure? The Weekly Crow
  • Chicken Photography-It's a Thing!: CHOE
    • Chicken Photography Portfolio by Cindi Perry
    • Chicken Photography by Bonnie Stenzel: CHOE
    • Chicken Photography Portfolio by Mimi Calkin Santos: CHOE
  • People Can't Get Covid 19 From Chickens CHOE

Prairie Chicken
​Breed Facts

The greater Prairie Chicken also called the pinnated grouse, Tympanuchus cupido and boomer, has been pushed almost to extinction due to habitat loss, hunting, and the sneaky antics of the ring necked pheasant, though conservation methods are in progress to save them so far they have proved unsuccessful. The Prairie Chicken is a quite large bird in the grouse family. This unique bird is well known for it's mating ritual referred to as booming. Find out more below...
PictureMale Prairie Chicken photo courtesy of GregTheBusker - Prairie Chicken, Puffed UpUploaded by Snowmanradio, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10312117
Kansas has two species of the prairie grouse. The greater prairie chicken also called Tympanuchus cupido and the lesser prairie chicken also called T. pallidicinctus. The third species the sharp tailed grouse also called T. phasianellus was almost pushed to extinction from over hunting during the drought in the 1930's. Conservation efforts to restore the sharp tails in the 1980' and 1990's proved unsuccessful (1). One Kansas study revealed that greater prairie chickens survival rates were 1.6-2.0 higher when it was not breeding season in comparison with survival rates during breeding season. The suggested reason for this is because predators would get their eggs during nesting and get the baby chicks while the mother was rearing them. Another interesting reason for their lack of survival is due to the fact that ring necked pheasants will lay their eggs in the prairie chickens nest. The pheasant eggs hatch sooner than the prairie chickens so the mother would leave the nest thinking her young had hatched and the prairie chicken eggs would die because the mother would no longer be there to incubate the eggs. 

Physical Description of Prairie Chickens

PictureFemale Prairie Chicken
Physical Description
The prairie chicken is very similar in appearance to the chickens we know today but with a few distinct differences:
Medium to large
Stocky
Round Wings
​Short tails (usually rounded and blue in color)
​

Adult males:
Orange yellow comb-like feathers over the eyes and dark long head feathers which can raise up or lay along the neck.
Circular orange unfeathered neck patch that can inflate 
​

Adult females:
Have shorter head feathers
Do not have the yellow comb or orange neck patch.
As with many other bird species, the adult females have shorter head feathers and also lack the male's yellow comb and orange neck patch (2).

Greater Prairie Chicken Habitat

Greater Prairie chickens prefer:
Undisturbed prairie
Tall grass prairies
Can tolerate agricultural land mixed with prairie

What Prairie Chickens Eat

Prairie chickens diet consists of:
Seeds
Fruit
Insects
​Green plants

Prairie Chicken Conservation Efforts

Canadian Species at Rick Act listed the Greater Prairie Chicken as extirpated in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Ontario in May 2000.
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada confirmed that the birds were becoming extinct in November 2009 as sightings of the beautiful birds became extremely rare.
Iowa and Missouri which once had a flourishing population of prairie chickens which was estimated to be in the hundreds of thousands has dropped to around 500 of the birds.
Kansas and Nebraska are in the process of repopulating the birds with hopes of increasing the number to 3000.

Threats to Prairie Chickens 

Picture
"Central Wisconsin is home to approximately 600 individuals, down from 55,000 when hunting was prohibited in 1954. Though this area was predominately spruce and tamarack marsh before European settlement, early pioneers drained the marshes and attempted to farm the poor soil. As the prairies to the south and west were lost to agriculture and development, and the southern half of Wisconsin was logged, the prairies spread northward into the abandoned farmland. Today, over 30,000 acres are managed by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources as greater prairie chicken habitat. Birdwatchers travel from around the world to visit Wisconsin in April for the Central Wisconsin Prairie Chicken Festival, started in 2006 by Golden Sands Resource Conservation & Development Council, Inc.
Threats
​"Greater prairie chickens are not threatened by severe winter weather. When the snow is thick they "dive" into the snow to keep warm. A greater threat to the prairie chickens comes in the form of spring rains. These sometimes drenching rains can wreak havoc on their chicks. Another major natural threat is drought. A drought can destroy food and make it difficult for the chicks.
Human interactions are by far the greatest threat. The conversion of native prairie to cropland is very detrimental to these birds. It was found in a radio telemetry study conducted by Kansas State University that "most prairie chicken hens avoided nesting or rearing their broods within a quarter-mile of power lines and within a third-mile of improved roads." (Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks) It was also found that the prairie-chickens avoided communication towers and rural farms.
After population bottleneck, human management of populations can also produce a loss of genetic variation and genetic diversity in the species.

Sexual Behavior of The Prairie Chicken

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Sexual behavior
Tetrao cupido drawn by T. W. Wood for second edition of Darwin's The Descent of Man, 1874 Greater prairie chickens do not migrate. They are territorial birds and often defend their booming grounds. These booming grounds are the area in which they perform their displays in hopes of attracting females. Their displays consist of inflating air sacs located on the side of their neck and snapping their tails. These booming grounds usually have very short or no vegetation. The male prairie-chickens stay on this ground displaying for almost two months. The breeding season usually begins in the United States starting in Late March throughout April. During this time the males establish booming sites where they display for the females. The one or two most dominant males will do about 90% of the mating. Due to their now small populations and habitat fragmentation the greater prairie chickens often undergo inbreeding causing observable inbreeding depression: with fewer offspring and a decreased survival rate within these limited offspring further aiding their population decrease.
After mating has taken place, the females will move about one mile from the booming grounds and begin to build their nests. Hens lay between 5 and 17 eggs per clutch and the eggs take between 23 and 24 days to hatch. There are between five and 10 young per brood. (INRIN, 2005). The young are raised by the female and fledge in one to four weeks, are completely independent by the tenth to twelfth week, and reach sexual maturity by age one (Ammann, 1957)". 


References:
1. Greater prairie chickens. Retrieved on Aug. 20, 2017 from http://ksoutdoors.com/Hunting/Upland-Birds/Greater-Prairie-Chicken
2. Greater Prairie Chicken. Retrieved on Aug. 20, 2017 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_prairie_chicken

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